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http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/allay
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al·lay
verb \a-ˈlā, ə-\Definition of ALLAY
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/08/070812084458.htm
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Aluminum Found In Sunscreen: Could It Cause Skin Cancer?
ScienceDaily (Aug. 13, 2007) — Scientists at Keele University in Staffordshire have questioned the safety of aluminium added to sunscreens and sunblocks.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Rukeyser
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Muriel Rukeyser (15 December 1913 – 12 February 1980) was an American poet and political activist, best known for her poems about equality, feminism, social justice, and Judaism. Kenneth Rexroth said that she was the greatest poet of her "exact generation".
One of her most powerful pieces was a group of poems entitled The Book of the Dead (1938), documenting the details of the Hawk's Nest incident, an industrial disaster in which hundreds of miners died of silicosis.
Her poem "To be a Jew in the Twentieth Century" (1944), on the theme of Judaism as a gift, was adopted by the American Reform and Reconstructionist movements for their prayer books, something Rukeyser said
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Rukeyser
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Muriel Rukeyser (15 December 1913 – 12 February 1980) was an American poet and political activist, best known for her poems about equality, feminism, social justice, and Judaism. Kenneth Rexroth said that she was the greatest poet of her "exact generation".
One of her most powerful pieces was a group of poems entitled The Book of the Dead (1938), documenting the details of the Hawk's Nest incident, an industrial disaster in which hundreds of miners died of silicosis.
Her poem "To be a Jew in the Twentieth Century" (1944), on the theme of Judaism as a gift, was adopted by the American Reform and Reconstructionist movements for their prayer books, something Rukeyser said
Hawks Nest Tunnel Disaster
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Silica
During the construction of the tunnel, workers found the mineral silica and were asked to mine it for use in electroprocessing steel. The workers were not given any masks or breathing equipment to use while mining, despite the fact that management wore such equipment during inspection visits. As a result of the exposure to silica dust, many workers developed silicosis, a debilitating lung disease. A large number of the workers eventually died from the silicosis, in some cases as quickly as within a year.
There are no definitive statistics as to the death toll from the Hawks Nest disaster. According to a historical marker on site, there were 109 admitted deaths. A Congressional hearing placed the death toll at 476.[2] Other sources range from 700 to over 1,000 deaths amongst the 3,000 workers.[3] Many of the workers at the site were African-Americans from the southern United States who returned home or left the region after becoming sick, making it difficult to calculate an accurate total.[4]
http://www.safetyxchange.org/financing-safety/the-gauley-bridge-tunnel-disaster
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The Gauley Bridge Tunnel Disaster
October 28, 2008
It happened in 1930-1931 at the start of the Great Depression. Jobs were scarce. About 5,000 workers came with their families to the mountains of southern West Virginia to build a railroad bridge. The pay was low and the working conditions appalling.
The workers were ordered to pulverize rocks containing high concentrations of silica - up to 99.44 percent in some cases. Company officials who visited the worksite were given masks to wear. But workers were not.
By the time work ended, 476 workers had died of silicosis. Another 1,500 contracted the disease within a year or two. The Gauley Bridge Tunnel affair remains a monument to corporate greed and one of the worst industrial disasters in American history.
The workers were ordered to pulverize rocks containing high concentrations of silica - up to 99.44 percent in some cases. Company officials who visited the worksite were given masks to wear. But workers were not.
By the time work ended, 476 workers had died of silicosis. Another 1,500 contracted the disease within a year or two. The Gauley Bridge Tunnel affair remains a monument to corporate greed and one of the worst industrial disasters in American history.
http://books.google.com/books?id=7E6kliu1ZMsC&pg=PA131&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.mercurynews.com/health/ci_18273564?nclick_check=1
http://www.whiterskin.info/mercury-is-a-dangerous-skin-lightening-ingredient/
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Mercury is a dangerous skin lightening ingredient
last updated on 7 June 2011
Some skin lightening ingredients work extremely well in the short-term but are dangerous to our well-being and the long-term health of our skin. Mercury is one of them.
History of mercury use in skin lightening creams
The use of mercury in commercial skin bleaching creams and soaps goes back to the early 1900s. Before 1970, commercial bleaching creams would normally use ammoniated mercury to produce a lightening effect on the skin. These bleaching creams were aggressively marketed to black people in the US.
In 1976, the use of mercury in cosmetic products was banned in the EU. The US banned the use of mercury in skin bleaching creams much later in 1990.
Mercury absorption into the body via the skin
Mercury and mercurial compounds can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of the vapors, ingestion, or skin contact. As a poison, the damaging effects of mercury are subtle and cumulative, building up over time.
When absorbed, mercury has been discovered in blood, urine, bile, sweat, saliva, milk, and in pus on the surface of ulcers. It has also been discovered in the solids after death, in the brain, the bones, the cellular tissue, in serous membranes, in the parts close to the joints, and in the lungs and liver.
Mercury’s effects on the skin and overall health (symptoms of mercury poisoning / excessive mercury)
Mercury can be extremely effective in lightening dark spots and stubborn pigmentation but has a high spontaneous remission rate (in a number of people, the original pigmentation returns once the treatment is stopped).
The symptoms of mercury poisoning include emotional disturbances, unsteadiness, inflammation of the mouth and gums, general fatigue, memory loss, forgetfulness and headaches. It may also lead to kidney damage. Excess mercury in the system has been known to cause kidney problems (membranous nephropathy)
Skin contact with mercury compounds can lead to irritation, including patches of inflammation and the appearance of tiny bumps close together. These bumps may burst and discharge matter, which later crusts over leading to soreness and discomfort.
Essential Reading: What to do if you’ve been poisoned by mercury
Current skin lightening creams containing dangerous levels of mercury
While the use of mercury in skin lightening creams have been banned for some time now, they are still produced and sold in lightly-regulated markets. Below is a list of known skin lightening creams that contain dangerous levels of mercury (more than 1 ppm or one part per million).
- Hua Ma ABC – Hua Ma Day Cream and Hua Ma Night Cream (link to article)
- Jiaoli (link with more information and pictures)
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1) The Safe Cosmetics Act of 2010 was introduced on July 20th, 2010 in the U.S. House of Representatives by Representatives Jan Schakowsky (D-IL), Tammy Baldwin (D-WI) and Edward Markey (D-MA). It was the first attempt in over 30 years to reform how cosmetics are regulated.[1][2][3] It was the first attempt in over 30 years to reform how cosmetics are regulated.
2) Opposition
Some of the larger corporations making personal care products (Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson, Estee Lauder and others), along with their trade group, the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), appear to have been employing lobbyists and communications professionals to create resistance to the regulatory reform. Individuals such as M.C. “Elvis” Oxley, son of former Ohio Republican Congressman Mike Oxley, and firms such as Duberstein Group,[6] and Policy Directions Inc.[7], represent the PCPC and their member corporations in lobbying efforts on Capitol Hill.
Lisa Powers, the vice-president of communications for the PCPC, was formerly with the Mercury Group,[8] a firm that, like other firms working with the petro-chemical industry, has employed strategies that include creating web pages that appear to be made by grass roots groups. They then do “coalition building” on behalf of the trade association and do outreach to targets that they can then direct to message on their behalf.
Personal Care Truth is a website whose owners have withheld their identities, according to Internet identifier WhoIs. Lisa Powers is associated with another website, BotoxReviews.net, that has its ownership hidden on the WhoIs Internet site reporting group. Personal Care Truth is aimed at women who own small to mid-sized beauty product companies.
The text posted on Personal Care Truth says it is owned by two women who also each own their own beauty product companies. Kristin Fraser Cotte, says she is a founder of The Grapeseed Company, a corporation that makes “botanical beauty from wine.” Lisa M. Rodgers says she is CEO and Fonder of Cactus & Ivy, a company that also makes beauty and bath products. Rodgers says she started the company after being at a Fortune 500 firm. She has alternately said she began her company in 2000 and also reports having started it in 2006. Both women appear to have come together to do Personal Care Truth in 2009. They are both members of the Indie Beauty Network, run by Donna Marie Coles who is an outspoken critic of regulatory reform and who is either currently involved with or was in the past connected with the PCPC.
Both Cotte and Rodgers message about having natural products, but have come out messaging strongly with almost identical anti-regulatory rhetoric of the major chemical companies, which includes information that environmental health advocates say is misleading.[9]
http://www.amazon.com/Arm-Hammer-Fluoride-Toothpaste-Cleaning/dp/B001E724A2
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I don't know to which product those reviewers who complained about different ingredients causing allergic reactions are referring. My order just arrived (5/13/10) and the ingredients are: sodium fluoride, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), water, glycerin, sodium saccharin, PEG-8, flavor, cellulose gum, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. The UPC is 033200183709.
http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/students/toothpaste/project.htm
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