Saturday, August 13, 2011

Sibling Abuse

http://www.med.umich.edu/yourchild/topics/sibabuse.htm
Excerpt:

Sibling Abuse

What is sibling abuse?
Sibling abuse is the physical, emotional or sexual abuse of one sibling by another [1]. The physical abuse can range from more mild forms of aggression between siblings, such as pushing and shoving, to very violent behavior such as using weapons.

Often parents don’t see the abuse for what it is. As a rule, parents and society expect fights and aggression among siblings. Because of this, parents often don’t see sibling abuse as a problem until serious harm occurs.
Besides the direct dangers of sibling abuse, the abuse can cause all kinds of long-term problems on into adulthood.
podcast Listen: YourChild podcast interview on sibling abuse with UM expert Brenda Volling, Ph.D.
How common is sibling abuse?
Research shows that violence between siblings is quite common. In fact, it is probably even more common than child abuse (by parents) or spouse abuse [1]. The most violent members of American families are the children.  Experts estimate that three children in 100 are dangerously violent toward a brother or sister [2, 3].  A 2005 study puts the number of assaults each year to children by a sibling at about 35 per 100 kids.  The same study found the rate to be similar across income levels and racial and ethnic groups. 

Likewise, many researchers have estimated sibling incest to be much more common than parent-child incest. 

It seems that when abusive acts occur between siblings, family members often don’t see it as abuse [4].

How do I identify abuse? What is the difference between sibling abuse and sibling rivalry?
At times, all siblings squabble and call each other mean names, and some young siblings may "play doctor". But here is the difference between typical sibling behavior and abuse:  If one child is always the victim and the other child is always the aggressor, it is an abusive situation.Some possible signs of sibling abuse are: sad girl
  • One child always avoids their sibling
  • A child has changes in behavior, sleep patterns, eating habits, or has nightmares
  • A child acts out abuse in play
  • A child acts out sexually in inappropriate ways
  • The children’s roles are rigid: one child is always the aggressor, the other, the victim
  • The roughness or violence between siblings is increasing over time

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibling_abuse
Excerpt:
Sibling abuse (or intersibling abuse) is the physical, emotional, and/or sexual abuse of one sibling by another.
Though sibling abuse is far more common than other forms of family abuse,[1][2] [3] chronic maltreatment by siblings has only relatively recently become the subject of serious clinical study and concern.[4] Sibling abuse is far less recognized than spousal or child abuse and is often considered less dangerous,[5] although siblings who are a great deal larger and/or older than their younger counterparts may in fact be capable of lethal violence towards their victims.[6]
Sibling abuse is significantly more likely to occur in dysfunctional, neglectful and/or abusive homes, and often reflects a lack of appropriate boundaries and discipline on the part of the parents.[7][8][9] In many cases, sibling abuse can occur as "second hand abuse" in which children who have been harmed or maltreated go on to harm siblings.[10] A 1982 study found that of 60% of children who witnessed their mothers abused by their fathers subsequently acted out the scene with their siblings.[11]

http://www.sasian.org/guide/aguide_en.htm
Excerpt:
When the person you choose abuses them, the victims feel betrayed again, this time by you. They may even believe that you think the abuse is all right.

  • The victims usually feel powerless to stop the abuse. They feel they can't stop the offender, because he has threatened them. They may also feel powerless if you don't believe them when they tell you they are being abused. This feeling of being powerless can stay with them and affect their adult relationships.







    • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abuse_of_dominance#Law
    Excerpt:
    Examples of monopolies

    [edit] Countering monopolies


    According to professor Milton Friedman, laws against monopolies cause more harm than good, but unnecessary monopolies should be countered by removing tariffs and other regulation that upholds monopolies.
    A monopoly can seldom be established within a country without overt and covert government assistance in the form of a tariff or some other device. It is close to impossible to do so on a world scale. The De Beers diamond monopoly is the only one we know of that appears to have succeeded. - - In a world of free trade, international cartels would disappear even more quickly.[93]
    On the other hand, professor Steve H. Hanke believes that although private monopolies are more efficient than public ones, often by factor two, sometimes private natural monopolies, such as local water distribution, should be regulated (not prohibited) through, e.g., price auctions.[94]

    http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/opium-wars-kingpins.htm
    Excerpt:

    Opium War Drug Kingpins

    The drug dealers who brought opium to China got fabulously rich - most were British, while a handful, like Warren Delano (FDR's grandfather), were Americans. Drug "kingpins" are organized drug traffickers who profit from and prey on the vulnerabilities of addicted users. These kingpins are the masterminds who are really running the drug distribution operations. In November 1993, the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) issued a Strategic Management System. DEA implemented the Kingpin Strategy, "DEA's primary enforcement effort focusing on the identification and targeting of drug Kingpins and their supporting infrastructure." US drug laws generally do not differentiate between drug kingpins, who run large drug trafficking operations, and drug addicts, who may traffic in controlled substances only to make enough money to buy more drugs to feed their habit. Drug kingpin statutes consist of series of increasing penalties based upon certain case characteristics.
    Franklin D. Roosevelt's fortune was inherited from his maternal grandfather Warren Delano. In 1830 he was a senior partner of Russell & Company. It was their merchant fleet which carried Sassoon's opium to China and returned with tea. Warren Delano moved to Newburgh, NY. In 1851 his daughter Sara Married a well born neighbor, James Roosevelt - the father of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
    John Kerry's maternal grandfather, James Grant Forbes, was born in Shanghai, China, where the Forbes family of China and Boston accumulated a fortune in the opium and China trade. Forbes married Margaret Tyndal Winthrop, who came from a family with deep roots in New England history. Through her, John Kerry is related to four Presidents, including, ironically, George W. Bush (9th cousin, twice removed).
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